NTFS Partition gets auto-corrupt, becomes RAW and unreadable
Windows says the partition is raw when it does not see any filesystem on it. When Windows reports this error, it could be because you haven't initialized the partition, haven't formatted the drive or you are trying to access a partition that is corrupt. In your case it seems to be corrupt.
The errors from dmesg say your NTFS is corrupt. Specifically the MFT(Master File Table), which stores the meta data to access your user data. Try TestDisk which can recover MFT. Or use Active File Recovery to recover your files.