Is it normal in English to talk about oneself in the third person in these cases?

A Japanese person said that it is often normal to talk about oneself in the third person in English. This is what he wrote:

For example, when you write a CV or an introduction of yourself, the formal way is to refer to yourself in third person. The same is in academic paper.

Do you think this is true?

In an academic paper you were traditionally supposed to reduce the personal aspect, so instead of saying "I measured", or "Dr X measured" you would use the passive form "it was measured". This sounds a little old fashioned so a normal compromise is to use "we" - even if there aren't multiple authors.

In a CV today I would use "I", "I managed a team of 20 people and was responsible for X"

In most of the academic CVs I've seen, neither the first person nor the third person is used. Bullet-pointed past-tense verb phrases are used instead, as in the following hypothetical example.

Accomplishments:

• Reorganized the Advanced Research Department with resulting 10% decrease in productivity.
• Introduced Byzantine quality control bureaucracy.
• Headed team that developed never-released code for adding useless features to XYZ software.

I don't know whether writing a CV in the first person would increase or decrease your chances of being hired, however. It might make your CV stand out, which can be a good thing.