Is there one word that describes the attribute of being either disposable or reusable?
Solution 1:
You might consider "reusability", if nothing better is forthcoming. Low reusability would describe the attribute of "disposable".
reusability - noun: the state or quality of being reusable
Solution 2:
Consider "durability", which is defined by Merriam-Webster as
staying strong and in good condition over a long period of time
Indeed, consumer goods that are meant to be reused over a relatively long period of time are called durable goods in economic jargon.