How to tar/untar the output on the fly
Solution 1:
The same -f -
option works for tarring as well.
tar -cf - something | tar -C somefolder -xvf -
GNU tar uses stdio by default:
tar -c something | tar -C somefolder -xv
rsync is also popular.
rsync -av something/ somefolder/
Solution 2:
Just adding another use-case here. I had a large directory structure on a system nearly out of disk space and wanted to end up with a tar.gz file of the directory structure on another machine with lots of space.
tar -czf - big-dir | ssh user@host 'cat > /path/to/big-dir.tar.gz'
This saves on network overhead and means you don't have to tar on the other side in case you'd wanted to use rsync for the transfer instead.
Solution 3:
I don't have enough reputation to post a comment about using netcat.
On the receiving end run:
netcat -l 5555 > /path/to/dest.tar.gz
or netcat -l 5555 | tar -C /path/to/expanded/tar -xz
On the sending side run:
tar -C /path/to/source -cz files | netcat <target IP/hostname> 5555
If you are on a fast network, don't bother compressing and decompressing the tar. Used some variant of this over the years for all kinds of recovery.