Edit shell script while it's running

Can you edit a shell script while it's running and have the changes affect the running script?

I'm curious about the specific case of a csh script I have that batch runs a bunch of different build flavors and runs all night. If something occurs to me mid operation, I'd like to go in and add additional commands, or comment out un-executed ones.

If not possible, is there any shell or batch-mechanism that would allow me to do this?

Of course I've tried it, but it will be hours before I see if it worked or not, and I'm curious about what's happening or not happening behind the scenes.

Solution 1:

It does affect, at least bash in my environment, but in very unpleasant way. See these codes. First a.sh:

#!/bin/sh

echo "First echo"
read y

echo "$y"

echo "That's all."

b.sh:

#!/bin/sh

echo "First echo"
read y

echo "Inserted"

echo "$y"

# echo "That's all."

Do

$ cp a.sh run.sh
$ ./run.sh
$ # open another terminal
$ cp b.sh run.sh  # while 'read' is in effect
$ # Then type "hello."

In my case, the output is always:

hello
hello
That's all.
That's all.

(Of course it's far better to automate it, but the above example is readable.)

[edit] This is unpredictable, thus dangerous. The best workaround is , as described here put all in a brace, and before the closing brace, put "exit". Read the linked answer well to avoid pitfalls.

[added] The exact behavior depends on one extra newline, and perhaps also on your Unix flavor, filesystem, etc. If you simply want to see some influences, simply add "echo foo/bar" to b.sh before and/or after the "read" line.

Solution 2:

Try this... create a file called bash-is-odd.sh:

#!/bin/bash
echo "echo yes i do odd things" >> bash-is-odd.sh

That demonstrates that bash is, indeed, interpreting the script "as you go". Indeed, editing a long-running script has unpredictable results, inserting random characters etc. Why? Because bash reads from the last byte position, so editing shifts the location of the current character being read.

Bash is, in a word, very, very unsafe because of this "feature". svn and rsync when used with bash scripts are particularly troubling, because by default they "merge" the results... editing in place. rsync has a mode that fixes this. svn and git do not.

I present a solution. Create a file called /bin/bashx:

#!/bin/bash
source "$1"

Now use #!/bin/bashx on your scripts and always run them with bashx instead of bash. This fixes the issue - you can safely rsync your scripts.

Alternative (in-line) solution proposed/tested by @AF7:

{
   # your script
exit $?
} 

Curly braces protect against edits, and exit protects against appends. Of course, we'd all be much better off if bash came with an option, like -w (whole file), or something that did this.

Solution 3:

Break your script into functions, and each time a function is called you source it from a separate file. Then you could edit the files at any time and your running script will pick up the changes next time it gets sourced.

foo() {
  source foo.sh
}
foo

Solution 4:

Good question! Hope this simple script helps

#!/bin/sh
echo "Waiting..."
echo "echo \"Success! Edits to a .sh while it executes do affect the executing script! I added this line to myself during execution\"  " >> ${0}
sleep 5
echo "When I was run, this was the last line"

It does seem under linux that changes made to an executing .sh are enacted by the executing script, if you can type fast enough!