Used games: Xbox One S
Solution 1:
You're the owner since you purchased the item off a retailer / other user. Nothing else to it
If a game disc was edited in such a way (any way idk how), the console would probably reject trying to read off it because of it's new format
The console doesn't have any previous data of the game. For all that knows, it's a brand new game straight from the line.
Very weird questions. This seems to be some pent up paranoia. Used copies are fine, just check for obvious surface scratches. Scratches on a disc (when they're deep-ish) prevent the console from reading from it.