Problem with Postgres ALTER TABLE

Solution 1:

I have run into this problem and couldn't find any way around it. Unfortunately, as best I can tell, one must drop the views, alter the column type on the underlying table, and then recreate the views. This can happen entirely in a single transaction.

Constraint deferral doesn't apply to this problem. In other words, even SET CONSTRAINTS ALL DEFERRED has no impact on this limitation. To be specific, constraint deferral does not apply to the consistency check that prints ERROR: cannot alter type of a column used by a view or rule when one tries to alter the type of a column underlying a view.

Solution 2:

I'm a little late to the party, but years after this question was posted, a brilliant solution was posted via an article referenced below (not mine -- I'm simply a thankful beneficiary of his brilliance).

I just tested this on an object that is referenced (on the first level) in 136 separate views, and each of those views is referenced in other views. The solution ran in mere seconds.

So, read this article and copy and paste the table and two functions listed:

http://mwenus.blogspot.com/2014/04/postgresql-how-to-handle-table-and-view.html

Implementation example:

alter table mdm.global_item_master_swap
alter column prod_id type varchar(128),
alter column prod_nme type varchar(512);

ERROR: cannot alter type of a column used by a view or rule DETAIL: rule _RETURN on view toolbox_reporting."Average_setcost" depends on column "prod_id" ********** Error **********

ERROR: cannot alter type of a column used by a view or rule

And now for the PostgreSQL ninja's magic:

select util.deps_save_and_drop_dependencies('mdm', 'global_item_master_swap');


alter table mdm.global_item_master_swap
alter column prod_id type varchar(128),
alter column prod_nme type varchar(512);


select util.deps_restore_dependencies('mdm', 'global_item_master_swap');

-- EDIT 11/13/2018 --

It appears the link above might be dead. Here is the code for the two procedures:

Table that stores DDL:

CREATE TABLE util.deps_saved_ddl
(
  deps_id serial NOT NULL,
  deps_view_schema character varying(255),
  deps_view_name character varying(255),
  deps_ddl_to_run text,
  CONSTRAINT deps_saved_ddl_pkey PRIMARY KEY (deps_id)
);

Save and Drop:

-- Edit 8/28/2020 -- -- This stopped working with Pg12. The fix is below to change the parameters of p_view_schema and p_view_name from varchar to name:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION util.deps_save_and_drop_dependencies(
    p_view_schema name, p_view_name name)
    RETURNS void
    LANGUAGE plpgsql
    COST 100
AS $BODY$

declare
  v_curr record;
begin
for v_curr in 
(
  select obj_schema, obj_name, obj_type from
  (
  with recursive recursive_deps(obj_schema, obj_name, obj_type, depth) as 
  (
    select p_view_schema, p_view_name, null::varchar, 0
    union
    select dep_schema::varchar, dep_name::varchar, dep_type::varchar, recursive_deps.depth + 1 from 
    (
      select ref_nsp.nspname ref_schema, ref_cl.relname ref_name, 
      rwr_cl.relkind dep_type,
      rwr_nsp.nspname dep_schema,
      rwr_cl.relname dep_name
      from pg_depend dep
      join pg_class ref_cl on dep.refobjid = ref_cl.oid
      join pg_namespace ref_nsp on ref_cl.relnamespace = ref_nsp.oid
      join pg_rewrite rwr on dep.objid = rwr.oid
      join pg_class rwr_cl on rwr.ev_class = rwr_cl.oid
      join pg_namespace rwr_nsp on rwr_cl.relnamespace = rwr_nsp.oid
      where dep.deptype = 'n'
      and dep.classid = 'pg_rewrite'::regclass
    ) deps
    join recursive_deps on deps.ref_schema = recursive_deps.obj_schema and deps.ref_name = recursive_deps.obj_name
    where (deps.ref_schema != deps.dep_schema or deps.ref_name != deps.dep_name)
  )
  select obj_schema, obj_name, obj_type, depth
  from recursive_deps 
  where depth > 0
  ) t
  group by obj_schema, obj_name, obj_type
  order by max(depth) desc
) loop

  insert into util.deps_saved_ddl(deps_view_schema, deps_view_name, deps_ddl_to_run)
  select p_view_schema, p_view_name, 'COMMENT ON ' ||
  case
  when c.relkind = 'v' then 'VIEW'
  when c.relkind = 'm' then 'MATERIALIZED VIEW'
  else ''
  end
  || ' ' || n.nspname || '.' || c.relname || ' IS ''' || replace(d.description, '''', '''''') || ''';'
  from pg_class c
  join pg_namespace n on n.oid = c.relnamespace
  join pg_description d on d.objoid = c.oid and d.objsubid = 0
  where n.nspname = v_curr.obj_schema and c.relname = v_curr.obj_name and d.description is not null;

  insert into util.deps_saved_ddl(deps_view_schema, deps_view_name, deps_ddl_to_run)
  select p_view_schema, p_view_name, 'COMMENT ON COLUMN ' || n.nspname || '.' || c.relname || '.' || a.attname || ' IS ''' || replace(d.description, '''', '''''') || ''';'
  from pg_class c
  join pg_attribute a on c.oid = a.attrelid
  join pg_namespace n on n.oid = c.relnamespace
  join pg_description d on d.objoid = c.oid and d.objsubid = a.attnum
  where n.nspname = v_curr.obj_schema and c.relname = v_curr.obj_name and d.description is not null;
  
  insert into util.deps_saved_ddl(deps_view_schema, deps_view_name, deps_ddl_to_run)
  select p_view_schema, p_view_name, 'GRANT ' || privilege_type || ' ON ' || table_schema || '.' || table_name || ' TO ' || grantee
  from information_schema.role_table_grants
  where table_schema = v_curr.obj_schema and table_name = v_curr.obj_name;
  
  if v_curr.obj_type = 'v' then
    insert into util.deps_saved_ddl(deps_view_schema, deps_view_name, deps_ddl_to_run)
    select p_view_schema, p_view_name, 'CREATE VIEW ' || v_curr.obj_schema || '.' || v_curr.obj_name || ' AS ' || view_definition
    from information_schema.views
    where table_schema = v_curr.obj_schema and table_name = v_curr.obj_name;
  elsif v_curr.obj_type = 'm' then
    insert into util.deps_saved_ddl(deps_view_schema, deps_view_name, deps_ddl_to_run)
    select p_view_schema, p_view_name, 'CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW ' || v_curr.obj_schema || '.' || v_curr.obj_name || ' AS ' || definition
    from pg_matviews
    where schemaname = v_curr.obj_schema and matviewname = v_curr.obj_name;
  end if;
  
  execute 'DROP ' ||
  case 
    when v_curr.obj_type = 'v' then 'VIEW'
    when v_curr.obj_type = 'm' then 'MATERIALIZED VIEW'
  end
  || ' ' || v_curr.obj_schema || '.' || v_curr.obj_name;
  
end loop;
end;
$BODY$

Restore:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION util.deps_restore_dependencies(
    p_view_schema character varying,
    p_view_name character varying)
  RETURNS void AS
$BODY$
declare
  v_curr record;
begin
for v_curr in 
(
  select deps_ddl_to_run 
  from util.deps_saved_ddl
  where deps_view_schema = p_view_schema and deps_view_name = p_view_name
  order by deps_id desc
) loop
  execute v_curr.deps_ddl_to_run;
end loop;
delete from util.deps_saved_ddl
where deps_view_schema = p_view_schema and deps_view_name = p_view_name;
end;
$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;