Is my password compromised because I forgot to hit Enter after ssh username?

In short: yes.

# ssh 192.168.1.1 -l "myuser mypassword"
^C
# egrep "mypassword" /var/log/auth.log
Oct 19 14:33:58 host sshd[19787]: Invalid user myuser mypassword from 192.168.111.78
Oct 19 14:33:58 host sshd[19787]: Failed none for invalid user myuser mypassword from 192.168.111.78 port 53030 ssh2

If i remember well, it is indeed registered in log if the log level is set to DEBUG or TRACE.

EDIT : It is confirmed, i tried to log into my server and found this in my logs.

Oct 19 14:34:24 sd-xxxx sshd[26563]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname=     uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx.rev.numericable.fr 
Oct 19 14:34:26 sd-xxxx sshd[26563]: Failed password for invalid user toto from xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx port 56685 ssh2

Note : IP's are hidden