All the games started lagging suddenly [closed]
As they state in the minimum system requirements for Astroneer, your system is right on the edge of its possibilities:
Astroneer minimum system requirements:
- OS: Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10
- Processor: X64 Dual Core CPU, 2+ GHz
- Memory: 4 GB RAM
- Graphics: Discrete Non Mobile GPU with 1 GB Ram
- DirectX: Version 11
- Storage: 2 GB available space
- Sound card: Any
And the recommended system requirements:
Astroneer recommended system requirements:
- OS: Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10
- Processor: X64 Quad Core CPU, 3+ GHz
- Memory: 8 GB RAM
- Graphics: Discrete GPU with 2 GB RAM
- DirectX: Version 11
- Storage: 4 GB available space
- Sound card: Any
Source: Astroneer Steam Shop Page
As you can see they recommend a CPU with at least four cores (yours has two) and 3 GHz and higher clock ratios.
So how does this help you? I'd recommend that you monitor your system during execution of a game like Astroneer to see if its under heavy load or not. You could simply do this with the Windows Task Manager opened and look at the CPU and RAM utilization.
Another thing you pointed out is the absence of heat during heavy workload, which could be caused by malfunctioning components. Also make sure your system fans are working properly that your CPU doesn't expect thermal throttling (happens if your CPU is to hot because of bad cooling and minimizes the clock ratio → less performance). Piriform Speccy is a good tool to monitor system temperatures.
Maybe you consider to upgrade your system in the near future, which would eliminate most of this problems. But that's not an answer right? :) So, if you could do some of the tests mentioned above and provide more information about your systems behavior, it will be much easier for us to help you.
Edit
Due to the comments below, you got a heat problem. Check your fans and especially your CPU cooler. Remove dust if there is any to get a good airflow. If all of your fans work and nothing blocks the airflow inside the computer the temperatures should decrease and throttling won't occur.