Major problem creating more problems, spiraling out of control endlessly: cannot install OS

Your solution is to destroy and recreate a clean partition then perform a full re-installation

1. Issue the command

   diskutil partitionDisk disk0 1 GPT HFS+ MacHD 100%

   This command will create a single GPT partition formatted for HFS+ with a name of MacHD. You can change the name if you like, but use quotes if you use a name with spaces like "Macintosh HD".

   
   

2. Install your macOS as normal. You can enable Journaling and/or FileValut at this point.

Having a bunch of kernel panics is not normal. While it can be a software problem, it often is a hardware problem.

First, run Apple Diagnostics or Apple Hardware Test. If no errors are reported, start from Internet Recovery, create a new partition on your SSD, and reinstall the OS.