Is there a term for "likes" and "dislikes" on a social network?

Solution 1:

Given that upvotes is roughly synonymous with likes, and downvotes is roughly synonymous with dislikes, I might just call the general class votes.

Solution 2:

Generally speaking reactions would apply here and is used on the messaging platform Slack.

Whether it's a like, a dislike, a thumbs up, a heart or a pizza emoji, the users are reacting to the post, so it makes sense to record these as reactions.

Solution 3:

You could consider using rating which means:

A classification or ranking of someone or something based on a comparative assessment of their quality, standard, or performance

Rating is a broadly used word when evaluating movies and TV shows. I don't see any reason why it can't be used when ranking or evaluating a post domain object.

[Oxford Online Dictionary]