Are resources finite?
Solution 1:
Resources, that can be found on station, are finite, since locations, loot, and objects do not respawn. Yet, enemies are fairly often respawned, and may provide resources in form of generated loot and typhon organs. Organs, which require autopsy to get, give all categories of resources.
So, technically, if you are good enough to dispatch enemies without spending resources (e.g. typhon abilities build, and infinite psy tactics), you can roam through station locations, kill enemies, and farm resources as much as you want.