How do I find the index of an element in an array, vector or slice?

I need to find an index of an element in a vector of strings. This is what I got so far:

fn main() {
    let test: Vec<String> = vec![
        "one".to_string(),
        "two".to_string(),
        "three".to_string(),
        "four".to_string(),
    ];

    let index: i32 = test
        .iter()
        .enumerate()
        .find(|&r| r.1.to_string() == "two".to_string())
        .unwrap()
        .0;
}

It produces an error:

error[E0308]: mismatched types
  --> src/main.rs:9:22
   |
9  |       let index: i32 = test
   |  ______________________^
10 | |         .iter()
11 | |         .enumerate()
12 | |         .find(|&r| r.1.to_string() == "two".to_string())
13 | |         .unwrap()
14 | |         .0;
   | |__________^ expected i32, found usize

I assume that's because enumerate() returns a tuple of (usize, _) (correct me if I'm wrong), but how do I convert usize to i32 here? If there is a better approach, I'm open to suggestions.

Solution 1:

I think you should look at the position method instead.

fn main() {
    let test = vec!["one", "two", "three"];
    let index = test.iter().position(|&r| r == "two").unwrap();
    println!("{}", index);
}

You can test it here.

Note that this works for any iterator, so it can be used for vectors, arrays, and slices, all of which produce iterators.

Solution 2:

TLDR Use an iterator with the position method, the Rust docs shows a good example.

No, it's because indices are usize, not i32. In fact, i32 is completely inappropriate for this purpose; it may not be large enough, and there's no reason for it to be signed. Just use usize.

Some other notes: calling to_string() is not free, and you don't need it for the comparison; you can compare string slices just fine!

Also, if you really want to turn a usize into an i32, you can do that with a cast: x as i32, though this will not produce an error on over- or under-flow (i.e. the result may be negative).

All that said, as noted in Mathieu David's answer, there's a position method on iterators that does what you want.