No desktop icons after uninstalling nemo

I tested nemo on Ubuntu 12.04. I made it the default file manager. When I uninstalled it, desktop icons disappeared and I can't do a right click on desktop to open menu.

How can I make Nautilus the default file manager, may this solve the problem ?

You can try with launching dconf-editor then go to:

org -> gnome -> desktop -> background

and put the tick on show-desktop-icons as explained in the image below:

I was with the same problem as yours. Besides Michele tips, I also tried:

xdg-mime default nautilus.desktop inode/directory application/x-gnome-saved-search
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background show-desktop-icons true
gsettings set org.nemo.desktop show-desktop-icons false

To make Nautilus the default manager, make sure that Nautilus is installed, if not you can install it. Just press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When it opens, run the command(s) below:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:adabbas/1stppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nautilus

Once its done, install a package called Exo Utilities. To install:

sudo apt-get install exo-utils

Once its done, run it by typing in terminal:

exo-preferred-applications

When it opens, click on the utilities tab, and make sure that nautilus is chosen as the preferred file manager, and then click close.