Did the Exosuit upgrade in the space stations get removed?

Solution 1:

Indeed they have been removed. While looking at the official "Foundation's Update" and the 1.09 patch on the No Man's Sky Patch Log page, I saw this:

• Suit upgrade pods are no longer spawned in stations

It's quite unfortunate, so I'm glad I grabbed a ton when I was first into the game at launch.

Solution 2:

With the NEXT update, the exosuit upgrade in space stations have returned. You can find the upgrade location in the spot where the exosuit components and blueprints shop is. You can purchase the upgrade using units just like before. You can also choose between a general, cargo, or technology inventory space.

The price of the upgrade will go up with each upgrade you buy at a space station, however the prices are different for each of the 3 types of upgrades.