I encountered this problem while studying for an analysis exam. Here is a related question I asked some days ago.
The problem is as follows: Suppose $a_n$ is a decreasing sequence of positive real numbers and that$$\sum_{n = 0}^{\infty}{a_n \sin{(nx)}}$$ converges uniformly on $\mathbb{R}$, show that $$\lim_{n \to \infty}{(n a_n)} = 0.$$ Any tip or solution is welcome, and also avoid using Fourier series, because they haven't been introduced in the book so it can be solved without using them.


Solution 1:

$\sum_{i=[(k+1)/2]}^k a_i \sin(ix)$ goes uniformly to 0 as $k\to\infty$. Set $x=\pi/(2k)$. Then all $a_i$'s are $\geq a_k$, all the sines are $\geq1/\sqrt{2}$, hence the sum is $\geq (k-1)/2\times a_k/\sqrt{2}$. Since this goes to 0, so does $k a_k$