Lazy field initialization with lambdas
I would like to implement lazy field initialization (or deferred initialization) without an if statement and taking advantage of lambdas. So, I would like to have the same behavior of the following Foo
property but without the if
:
class A<T>{
private T fooField;
public T getFoo(){
if( fooField == null ) fooField = expensiveInit();
return fooField;
}
}
Ignore the fact that this solution is not guaranteeing safe use for: 1) multi-threading; 2) null
as a valid value of T
.
So, to express the intention that the initialization of the fooField
is deferred until its first use I would like to declare the fooField
of the type Supplier<T>
such as:
class A<T>{
private Supplier<T> fooField = () -> expensiveInit();
public T getFoo(){
return fooField.get();
}
}
and then in the getFoo
property I would just return fooField.get()
. But now I want that next invocations to getFoo
property avoid the expensiveInit()
and just return the previous T
instance.
How can I achieve that without using an if
?
Despite naming conventions and replacing the ->
by =>
, then this example could be also considered in C#. However, NET Framework version 4 already provides a Lazy<T>
with the desired semantics.
Within your actual lambda, you can simply update the fooField
with a new lambda, such as:
class A<T>{
private Supplier<T> fooField = () -> {
T val = expensiveInit();
fooField = () -> val;
return val;
};
public T getFoo(){
return fooField.get();
}
}
Again this solution is not thread-safe as is the .Net Lazy<T>
, and does not ensure that concurrent calls to the getFoo
property return the same result.
The approach taken by Miguel Gamboa's answer is a fine one:
private Supplier<T> fooField = () -> {
T val = expensiveInit();
fooField = () -> val;
return val;
};
It works well for one-off lazy fields. However, if more than one field needs to be initialized this way, the boilerplate would have to be copied and modified. Another field would have to be initialized like this:
private Supplier<T> barField = () -> {
T val = expensiveInitBar(); // << changed
barField = () -> val; // << changed
return val;
};
If you can stand one extra method call per access after the initialization, I'd do it as follows. First, I'd write a higher-order function that returns an instance of Supplier that contains the cached value:
static <Z> Supplier<Z> lazily(Supplier<Z> supplier) {
return new Supplier<Z>() {
Z value; // = null
@Override public Z get() {
if (value == null)
value = supplier.get();
return value;
}
};
}
An anonymous class is called for here because it has mutable state, which is the cached of the initialized value.
Then, it becomes quite easy to create many lazily initialized fields:
Supplier<Baz> fieldBaz = lazily(() -> expensiveInitBaz());
Supplier<Goo> fieldGoo = lazily(() -> expensiveInitGoo());
Supplier<Eep> fieldEep = lazily(() -> expensiveInitEep());
Note: I see in the question that it stipulates "without using an if
". It wasn't clear to me whether the concern here is over avoiding the runtime expensive of an if-conditional (really, it's pretty cheap) or whether it's more about avoiding having to repeat the if-conditional in every getter. I assumed it was the latter, and my proposal addresses that concern. If you're concerned about runtime overhead of an if-conditional, then you should also take the overhead of invoking a lambda expression into account.