How to make a sticky footer using CSS?

Solution 1:

Following a clean method implemented from an online source no longer available (dead link), the minimum code you should need for your page would be (note - probably best to use #bottom-footer instead of footer #bottom-footer for the selection of your footer - that could be part of the issue):

html {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 100%;
}
body {
    margin: 0 0 100px; /* bottom = footer height */
}
#bottom-footer {
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    height: 100px;
    width: 100%;
}

Solution 2:

A couple modern methods using a sprinkle of flex box CSS and the following HTML structure:

<body>
    <header></header>
    <main></main>
    <footer></footer>
</body>

Method 1: (fixed height footer) Apply display:flex and flex-direction:column to the body. Apply flex:1 (flex-grow:1) to the main element.

The main element will grow vertically to occupy any empty space, thus making the footer stick to the bottom.

body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 100vh;
  margin:0;
}

header {
  background-color: #cffac7;
  height:50px;
}

main {
  background-color: #f8e2ff;
  flex:1;
}

footer {
  background-color: #fceec7;
  height:50px;
}

<header></header>
<main></main>
<footer></footer>

Method 2: (fixed height footer) Apply display:flex and flex-direction:column to the body. Apply margin-top:auto the footer.

You're done, because auto margins inside flex containers absorb all available free space, making the footer stick to the bottom. Note that this is not dependent on main having any height or content. In this case, we've given main no flex rules at all, and so it gets the default value of flex:initial (flex: 0 1 auto).

body {
      display: flex;
      flex-direction: column;
      min-height: 100vh;
      margin:0;
    }

    header {
      background-color: #cffac7;
      height:50px;
    }

    main {
      background-color: #f8e2ff;
    }

    footer {
      background-color: #fceec7;
      height:50px;
      margin-top:auto;
    }

<header></header>
<main></main>
<footer></footer>

Method 3: (fluid height footer) This is really the same technique as in #1 but with elements that have no intrinsic height. By virtue of the ratio between the (unitless) flex-grow values given to the competing elements, main will grow at five times the rate as the header and footer.

body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 100vh;
  margin:0;
}

header {
  background-color: #cffac7;
  flex:1;
}

main {
  background-color: #f8e2ff;
  flex:5;
}

footer {
  background-color: #fceec7;
  flex:1 
}

<header></header>
<main></main>
<footer></footer>

How to make a sticky footer using CSS?

Solution 1:

Solution 2:

Related

Recent Posts