Recursive Promise in javascript

I'm writing a Javascript Promise that finds the final redirect URL of a link.

What I'm doing is making a HEAD request in a Promise using an XMLHttpRequest. Then, on load, check the HTTP Status for something in the 300 range, or if it has a responseURL attached to the object and that url is different than the it was one handed.

If neither of these are true, I resolve(url). Otherwise, I recursively call getRedirectUrl() on the response URL, and resolve().

Here's my code:

function getRedirectUrl(url, maxRedirects) {
    maxRedirects = maxRedirects || 0;
    if (maxRedirects > 10) {
        throw new Error("Redirected too many times.");
    }

    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    var p = new Promise(function (resolve) {
        xhr.onload = function () {
            var redirectsTo;
            if (this.status < 400 && this.status >= 300) {
                redirectsTo = this.getResponseHeader("Location");
            } else if (this.responseURL && this.responseURL != url) {
                redirectsTo = this.responseURL;
            }

            if (redirectsTo) {
                // check that redirect address doesn't redirect again
                // **problem line**
                p.then(function () { self.getRedirectUrl(redirectsTo, maxRedirects + 1); });
                resolve();
            } else {
                resolve(url);
            }
        }

        xhr.open('HEAD', url, true);
        xhr.send();
    });

    return p;
}

Then to use this function I do something like:

getRedirectUrl(myUrl).then(function (url) { ... });

The issue is that resolve(); in getRedirectUrl will call the then() from the calling function before it calls the getRedirectUrl recursive call, and at that point, the URL is undefined.

I tried, rather than p.then(...getRedirectUrl...) doing return self.getRedirectUrl(...) but this will never resolve.

My guess is that the pattern I'm using (that I basically came up with on the fly) isn't right, altogether.

Solution 1:

The problem is that the promise you return from getRedirectUrl() needs to include the entire chain of logic to get to the URL. You're just returning a promise for the very first request. The .then() you're using in the midst of your function isn't doing anything.

To fix this:

Create a promise that resolves to redirectUrl for a redirect, or null otherwise:

function getRedirectsTo(xhr) {
    if (xhr.status < 400 && xhr.status >= 300) {
        return xhr.getResponseHeader("Location");
    }
    if (xhr.responseURL && xhr.responseURL != url) {
        return xhr.responseURL;
    }

    return null;
}

var p = new Promise(function (resolve) {
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();

    xhr.onload = function () {
        resolve(getRedirectsTo(xhr));
    };

    xhr.open('HEAD', url, true);
    xhr.send();
});

Use .then() on that to return the recursive call, or not, as needed:

return p.then(function (redirectsTo) {
    return redirectsTo
        ? getRedirectUrl(redirectsTo, redirectCount+ 1)
        : url;
});

Full solution:

function getRedirectsTo(xhr) {
    if (xhr.status < 400 && xhr.status >= 300) {
        return xhr.getResponseHeader("Location");
    }
    if (xhr.responseURL && xhr.responseURL != url) {
        return xhr.responseURL;
    }

    return null;
}

function getRedirectUrl(url, redirectCount) {
    redirectCount = redirectCount || 0;

    if (redirectCount > 10) {
        throw new Error("Redirected too many times.");
    }

    return new Promise(function (resolve) {
        var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();

        xhr.onload = function () {
            resolve(getRedirectsTo(xhr));
        };

        xhr.open('HEAD', url, true);
        xhr.send();
    })
    .then(function (redirectsTo) {
        return redirectsTo
            ? getRedirectUrl(redirectsTo, redirectCount + 1)
            : url;
    });
}

Solution 2:

Here's the simplified solution:

const recursiveCall = (index) => {
    return new Promise((resolve) => {
        console.log(index);
        if (index < 3) {
            return resolve(recursiveCall(++index))
        } else {
            return resolve()
        }
    })
}

recursiveCall(0).then(() => console.log('done'));