Are you really using unit tests? [closed]

I have been involved in a lot of projects, both old and new, and one thing that they have in common is that almost none of them have been using unit testing. I prefer to use it, but often the customer isn´t ready to pay for that, and suppose that the code just works as it should.

So, do you use unit testing in your projects, or do you rely on your coding skills?

Solution 1:

Using unit-testing is a coding skill.

I find it adds very little overhead to coding time. On top of that the code produced tends to be much easier to understand and to refactor, with an untold reduction in maintenance time.

A full discussion of the benefits here: Is Unit Testing worth the effort?

Solution 2:

I'll be honest. I've only recently started writing unit tests, and when I go back to modify an old DLL that's from my bad old days, I'll hunker down and write unit tests to get it near 100% code coverage. I say "near" because the last few percent can be hard to get to due to the way that the code is structured, that it didn't have mocking or unit testing in mind (this happens a lot with the abstract classes or classes that P/Invoke into native code). And while I understand that 100% code coverage is not the same thing as 100% of all code execution paths, I've found that having the tests there is a good way to tell when I'm doing something that's going to break a lot of things.

To be honest, this is probably one reason why it has taken many developers (including myself) so long to get around to adopting unit testing (let's not get into TDD just yet).

I'm not saying that any of these are legitimate reasons, but they did more or less go through my head, and I bet they went through some of yours too:

• First, there's a thought along the lines of "Oh, I've written mountains of code with zero tests, and seeing as I'm already crushed by that mountain, I don't possibly have the time to add several more mountains of test code on top of it."

• Second, nobody likes to talk about the fact that the classic code-run-debug cycle actually works "good enough" when you're

  • writing new code that does not alter the behavior of old code
  • working on a relatively small software project or a throwaway utility
  • the sole developer on a project (you can keep most of it in your head, up to a point)

• Third, unit tests are easier to appreciate when you're maintaining existing code, and if you're always writing new code, well, the benefits aren't immediately obvious. When your job is to churn out a utility and never touch it again, a developer can see little value in the unit test because they probably won't be working on that utility or at the company by the time a maintenance programmer (who wishes there was a unit test) comes around.

• Fourth, unit testing is a fairly recent innovation. (Oh, hush ... I know the idea has been around forever, especially in mission-critical and DoD applications, but for the "Joe the Plumber Developer" types like me? Unit testing wasn't mentioned at all during my entire CS undergraduate career in the early part of this decade; in 2008, I hear it's a requirement for all projects from level 101 up. Visual Studio didn't even get a built-in testing framework until this year, and even then only in the professional edition.) Was it blissful ignorance on my part? Sure, and I think a lot of people who code because it's their day job (which is fine) simply aren't aware. If they are, then they know that they have to stay current, but when it comes to learning a new methodology (particularly one that involves writing more code and taking more up-front time when you needed that new feature done yesterday) means that it'll get pushed back. This is the long tail, and in a decade or so our talks about unit testing will seem as quaint as our mutterings about object-oriented programming enabling a new era of development during the 1990s. Heck, if I've started unit testing, the end must be near, because I'm usually an idiot.

• Fifth, unit testing some areas of code is really difficult, and this scared me away for a while. Multi-threaded event queues, graphical rendering, and GUIs come to mind. Many developers realize this and think "well heck, unit testing would be great for library code but when was the last time I wrote just a class library." It takes a while to come around. To that end, no unit tests does not necessarily mean bad code lies ahead.

• Finally, the level of evangelism that sometimes comes from unit testing advocates can be intimidating and off-putting. Seriously, I thought I was a moron because I just couldn't grasp how to mock a certain interface and why I would want to. Selfishly, I wanted to hate unit testing if just for the fact that everybody would not shut UP about it. No silver bullet.

So, apologies for the rambling post. In summary:

• I did not unit test for a long time. Now I do. Unit tests are a great tool, especially during maintenance.

• For existing projects, you can at least go in and write a test that documents a current input and its output. When you change that big mess of murky code in the future, you'll be able to see if you've altered that little snapshot. This is also an excellent way to change the development culture in your company.

Let the flames begin! =)

Solution 3:

Unit testing can't be an afterthought, it is and has to be something which factors in to your design. I would go so far as to say that even if you never write or call a single unit test, the benefits it has in leading tight component driven software is worth the effort 95% of the time.

Solution 4:

Writing and running unit-tests is part of a healthy coding process, it is not an addition the customer should have the choice to pay or not pay for.

Testing strategy is a coding issue just as any other: what datastructures to use, variable naming conventions, comment standards, etc.

Solution 5:

I use unit testing, and tdd, whenever I can. However in my experience for every unit test advocate there are three or more developers who don't really believe writing unit tests is worth the effort, and that it slows down development. However these people tend to keep quiet, so you are unlikely to see many here.