What to call this type of temporary arrangement on the road?

Solution 1:

The structure you are looking for are called stepping stones. The name is applicable to any walkway of that type, whether temporary or permanent.

Solution 2:

It's "an improvisation" or an improvised solution

  • Improvisation is the process of devising a solution to a requirement by making-do, despite absence of resources that might be expected to produce a solution.
  • Improvised (adj) done or made using whatever is available.

an improvised bridge, for example

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