A congruence involving Fibonacci polynomials
Can you provide a proof or a counterexample to the following claim :
Let $n$ be a natural number greater than one and let $ F_{n}(x)$ be Fibonacci polynomial , then $n$ is prime if and only if : $ \displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}F_{n}(k) \equiv -1 \pmod n$ .
You can run this test here .
One direction, proving $\sum_{k} F_p(k)\equiv -1\pmod{p}$ when $p$ is prime, is easy.
Let $\sigma_i=\sum_{k=0}^{p-1}k^i$, and let $f_{i}$ be the coefficient of $x^i$ in $F_p(x)$. Then $\sum_{k} F_p(k)\equiv \sum_i f_{i}\sigma_i$. You can show that $\sigma_i\equiv0$ for all $i=0,1,\dots,p-2$, while $\sigma_{p-1}\equiv-1$. Since the $x^{p-1}$ coefficient of $F_{p}(x)$ is $1$, the result follows.