Recommendation for a Guitar tuner
I've tried them all, and IMHO LINGOT is the easiest Guitar Tuner available on Linux.
More about it:
LINGOT is a musical instrument tuner. It's accurate, easy-to-use, and highly configurable. Originally designed as a guitar and bass tuner, its configurability gives it a more general character. It looks like an analog tuner, with a gauge indicating the relative shift to a certain note. The program automatically guesses the note to tune.
Related to this toppic, Rakarrack is the best Guitar Effects software out there. Before using it, you'll need to configure JACK (qjackctl) to connect the guitar audio input to the speakers output (at this link you'll find more info about how to use Rakarrack).
Guitar Tuner
Guitar Tuner is a software allowing to tune a guitar according to a defined chord
Guitar Tuner on launchpad
GuiTuner
GuiTuner is a simple guitar tuning program for Linux.
GuiTuner tries to detect the pitch of the sound recorded in real time from the audio device using some methods ( by now only based on FFT ) that you can configure at runtime. It is self-explanatory, you just have to connect your guitar or your microphone to the sound card, configure the input device using a mixer and see what the program tells you: it displays the note nearest to the picked sound and the interval between it and the note produced by the instrument. If the sound produced is lower than the right one the left arrow becomes green, if is higher becomes green the right arrow.
Gui Tuner on digilander.libero.it
Online
You can also use an online guitar tuner.
fmit / sudo apt-get install fmit
is included in the regular software sources. It was the only one that worked for me. Although you will need to fine tune a few of the settings. With older versions of Ubuntu I had the problem, that the sample rate was low, when the sound preferences were not open (weird - I know). A workaround to that is using pulseaudios oss-wrapper by starting fmit with:
padsp fmit
I'm no expert and haven't used it, but Rakarrack sounds like it will fit the bill. It's primarily an effects pedal, but also features a tuner. Combined with Ardour or Audacity, it should let you plug your guitar straight into your Ubuntu PC and start recording.
Try fmit : http://home.gna.org/fmit/
It's available in Debian and Ubuntu repositories. It supports all the major Linux audio system standards, so I don't see any problems with it working on your system.
If you have trouble with fmit, then you probably need to poke around to learn some basics about Linux sound systems. It's not always 100% plug & play, but usually the answer is simple when you find it.
No problem using the microphone. Scaine probably meant whatever means you have to get guitar sound into the computer.