Are there any missions besides the penultimate one that intel can be spent on?

Solution 1:

This really is the only mission you can spend intel on. (This mission will actually show all of its options regardless of how much intel you have. I used this to spend time to gather more intel in my first playthrough.)

At some level it make sense - the penultimate mission is a planned strike, that XCOM would have time to prepare for. The only other missions like that are the facility strikes and blacksite investigations, but those are all in remote areas that would be very difficult to perform recon on without being detected. The penultimate mission appears to take place in a city center, where one could presumably gather intelligence for some time prior to an assault.