Where are (partial) screenshot stored or how to specifiy location?
Solution 1:
As I know holding Ctrl copies the screenshot to the clipboard and you need to paste it in an application to save it.
You can check the shortcut keys in Keyboard Settings.
Solution 2:
I played around some more and found that using Alt-Fn-PrtScn will copy the window only and then give me the option of where to save.
2014 - Update
PrtScn - Capture the entire screen (all windows) and ask where to save
Alt PrtScn - Capture the currently focused window and ask where to save
Shift PrtScn - Select specific area for capture and ask where to save
Solution 3:
Shift+PrtScn is a better way, as you will be prompted for where to save the screenshot (and by what filename).
Solution 4:
Very simple answer to your direct question(s):
Ctrl-PrtSc will copy the whole screen to the clipboard. It is not saved on disk.
To get a partial, you add Shift, whether you use Ctrl (clipboard) or not (save and/or clipboard).
Of course, you probably know that just pressing PrtSc will capture the whole screen and give you the options to save to clipboard and/or save it to disk, with a default directory of ~/Pictures