Are there prefixes which have the meaning 'originating from within', or 'originating from outside'?

Solution 1:

extra-
prefix: extra-
outside; beyond.
"extracellular"
beyond the scope of.
"extracurricular"

intra-
prefix
(added to adjectives) on the inside; within.
"intramural"

Solution 2:

ex- out of, from, away from.

http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=30824

Example: excementosis

Reference for existing use in med-term:

http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/excementosis