Geometry Proof: Convex Quadrilateral
In a possible attempt to explain a), let us focus solely on a single angle, say angle $A$. Similarly, draw tangent lines extending from the two adjacent sides, namely $AB$ and $AD$. Assuming $A\neq180$ (which we can, because it would cause $ABCD$ to be a triangle), $AB$ and $AD$ are not parallel. This means that they meet at $A$ and continue, getting further apart as they go. If $A \lt 180$, meaning $ABCD$ is convex, $AB$ and $AD$ continue away from the shape, not intersecting any sides. However, if $A \gt 180$, $AB$ and $AD$ enter the interior or $ABCD$ after intersecting at $A$. As the lines are infinite and the quadrilateral is not, the lines must at some point leave the shape. As two lines can only meet at a single point, and will not intersect themselves, they must leave the shape through one of the other two sides. (Note Pasch's Theorem) As both $AB$ and $AD$ are equally dependent on the angle of $A$, it is not possible for only one of the two lines to split one of the other sides.