Minecraft 1.5+, how to make new water ladders?
Solution 1:
Apparently they still work, but are slower and more difficult to build.
As of Beta 1.5, you are now required to look at the corner between the water and the ladders to even go up the water ladder, and the bottom of the ladder now requires three consecutive ladders without a gap. Going up a water ladder is slightly slower than before, but it's still significantly faster than regular ladders. Also as of Beta 1.5, Minecraft will sometimes recognize the player as "in" the water causing an annoying delay to climbing ladders.
As of Beta 1.6, water ladders are harder to build, slower and more difficult to use, but still allow faster vertical motion than ladders.
Here is a tutorial for 1.5 (at about 2:00 it talks about pre 1.5 water ladders and how to make them work again)
Here is a tutorial for 1.6.6