Procedure to forward root email to external email

I would like to forward the emails received by root to an external email on an Ubuntu node. I have seen this post, but it does not explain much about the procedure to follow. There are some other posts available online, but they are often incomplete or unclear.

Does anyone have a complete procedure to share? Should a mailserver be installed on my node? If yes, which one? What are the configurations steps on the node? I am working strictly with command line (the node is a server).

Solution 1:

If root is receiving email, then you probably already have a server installed.

$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure postfix

If this gets an error,

$ sudo apt-get install postfix

(Re)configure to either deliver directly or use a smarthost. Now add "root: [email protected]" (with the correct address, of course) to /etc/aliases and run newaliases. (I think the Ubuntu postfix package offers to do this automatically during dpkg-reconfigure).

Solution 2:

You'll need a mail server installed on your node, yes. Postfix, exim, and sendmail are my preferences (in that order.)

Note that some mail servers are a bit picky about who they accept mail from. If it's your local mail server, the restrictions are often done by network so you might not have a problem. If it's gmail, for example, you'll have to make sure your domain you send as (/etc/mailname in postfix) matches the IP you send from. Check out DynDNS or other similar services if you need to get a domain which matches your IP (if you don't already have one.)

Check instructions online for relaying to other mail providers.

You can then do one of the following (as root) to get mail sent to root@localhost sent to your external email address:

echo "[email protected]" > /root/.forward

or

echo "root: [email protected]" >> /etc/aliases && newaliases