Is there a easy way to test ubuntu on new notebooks before buying it?

Solution 1:

Testing hardware compatibility is a long a tedious process, even if you have unrestricted access to the hardware. There is no easy way, I am afraid. Without proper vendor support and testing for Linux, it's down to the user to make sure the hardware works, and that is anything but easy.

Solution 2:

You can check Ubuntu Certified Hardware. If some hardware is certified you will be 100% it will work for Ubuntu.

The problem is: you can't know if some not-certified hardware will work or not.

Solution 3:

Hw-probe may warn you about hardware compatibility problems: https://github.com/linuxhw/hw-probe

You can quickly create a probe of the computer (snapshot of hw specs and logs) using Ubuntu Live ISO, save the link returned (like this) and investigate it later at home.

1. Create a probe

   sudo hw-probe -all -upload
   

2. Open the link returned

3. Check statuses of devices (works, failed, malfunc, detected)
4. Check if drivers are loaded for all PCI/USB devices
5. Investigate logs for hardware errors

Also you can run simple graphics card tests (for integrated & dedicated cards):

sudo hw-probe -all -check -upload

I'm the author of this project, so feel free to ask any questions in comments!

Solution 4:

Check at https://certification.ubuntu.com/ to see if the laptop you are considering buying is certified. Even if it is not certified there are a few other things that you can do to check if the laptop model is compatible with Ubuntu before you buy it.

You can test if a computer's hardware is compatible with Ubuntu by downloading the Ubuntu Live DVD iso file and booting the live DVD or live USB. The Ubuntu live USB runs faster than the live DVD and has the additional advantage of being reusable for something else after you are finished testing and/or installing Ubuntu with it.

A live DVD/USB can be used for a quick demo or test of Ubuntu to check if the computer's hardware works as expected without making any changes to the machine. Windows or whatever is already installed on the computer is unaffected after trying this and then rebooting. See this answer for detailed and specific information about how to create a bootable USB flash drive for testing potential PC purchases for compatibility with Ubuntu.

Many computer stores provide their own Ubuntu live USB with Ubuntu for testing Ubuntu as a service to their customers. I discovered this after trying to return a graphics card that wouldn't boot Ubuntu, when a technician plugged the graphics card into one of the store's computers and booted Ubuntu from that computer to show me that my new graphics card was compatible with Ubuntu. If the computer store won't let you test their laptop with your Ubuntu live media, ask if they have their own USB with Ubuntu, and will demonstrate Ubuntu with it on the computer of your choice.

A quick demo can test two things:

1. Check if hardware (Ethernet, USB, sound, webcam) works as expected.
2. Check the look and feel of the operating system. 

Wifi cannot always be tested with a quick demo. Even if the laptop doesn't connect to wifi in the store, it might still work after installing the driver for the wireless adapter.