What program to use for incremental backup of large single file
If you just want to keep a remote copy of the file then using something based on rsync will probably work for you. Rsync only copies the parts of the file that have changed so it can reduce the amount of data you have to to copy.
For windows you could use deltacopy or syncrify.
you can also give rdiff-backup a try. it has version for windows too.
i use it for nightly backups of [in total] few hundreds GB of data.