How can I expose more than 1 port with Docker?

To expose just one port, this is what you need to do:

docker run -p <host_port>:<container_port>

To expose multiple ports, simply provide multiple -p arguments:

docker run -p <host_port1>:<container_port1> -p <host_port2>:<container_port2>

Step1

In your Dockerfile, you can use the verb EXPOSE to expose multiple ports.
e.g.

EXPOSE 3000 80 443 22

Step2

You then would like to build an new image based on above Dockerfile.
e.g.

docker build -t foo:tag .

Step3

Then you can use the -p to map host port with the container port, as defined in above EXPOSE of Dockerfile.
e.g.

docker run -p 3001:3000 -p 23:22

In case you would like to expose a range of continuous ports, you can run docker like this:

docker run -it -p 7100-7120:7100-7120/tcp 

if you use docker-compose.ymlfile:

services:
    varnish:
        ports:
            - 80
            - 6081

You can also specify the host/network port as HOST/NETWORK_PORT:CONTAINER_PORT

varnish:
    ports:
        - 81:80
        - 6081:6081

If you are creating a container from an image and like to expose multiple ports (not publish) you can use the following command:

docker create --name `container name` --expose 7000 --expose 7001 `image name`

Now, when you start this container using the docker start command, the configured ports above will be exposed.