Mac connects to network with no problem but browsers can't connect to websites

I am using macOS Mavericks (10.9.5) and Chrome, Firefox, and Safari all do not connect to websites even though the network is clearly connected.

But browsing when booted into safe mode works.

I've read many articles and tried the following solutions:

1. Set DNS servers to Google DNS and open DNS.
2. Reinstalled operating system through the internet recovery. The internet for the recovery worked as expected, so this issue is something specific to browsing.
3. Added Chrome, Firefox, Safari to Mac firewall.
4. Removed System Configuration folder from library/preferences
5. Disabled McAffee antivirus put on by work IT
6. Ran McAffee scan and found nothing
7. Renewed DHCP

Anyone have any ideas?

Turns out my AV had entered a proxy that was blocking my connections.

It might be worthwhile to check: System Preference > Network > Choose your connection > Advanced > Proxies > remove any active proxies

I had my iMac in storage for one year and when I started it up again although I could see that the wifi is connected I could not browse the internet. I contacted Apple Support and after deleting the contents of the folders below, the problem was solved.

Folders the contents of which were deleted are listed below:

~/Library/LaunchAgents

~/Library/LaunchAgents

~/Library/LaunchDaemons

Turns out that HBSS was preventing browsing due to not having the latest McAfee updates.

Thanks to all who helped me through this!