Can I password protect a location (not directory) in apache using htaccess?

Solution 1:

Yep, with <Files> (or <FilesMatch>): http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#files

Edit: "Note that unlike Directory and Location sections, Files sections can be used inside .htaccess files. This allows users to control access to their own files, at a file-by-file level."