Positivity of a quartic form
Use semidefinite programming (SDP) to compute the sum of squares (SOS) decomposition of a given quartic form. If an SOS decomposition exists, then the quartic form is globally nonnegative.
From one of Parrilo's papers [0]:
[0] Pablo Parrilo, Semidefinite programming relaxations for semialgebraic problems, 2001.