Script parameters in Bash

I'm trying to make a shell script which should be used like this:

ocrscript.sh -from /home/kristoffer/test.png -to /home/kristoffer/test.txt

The script will then ocr convert the image file to a text file. Here is what I have come up with so far:

#!/bin/bash
export HOME=/home/kristoffer
/usr/local/bin/abbyyocr9 -rl Swedish -if ???fromvalue??? -of ???tovalue??? 2>&1

But I don't know how to get the -from and -to values. Any ideas on how to do it?

Solution 1:

The arguments that you provide to a bashscript will appear in the variables $1 and $2 and $3 where the number refers to the argument. $0 is the command itself.

The arguments are seperated by spaces, so if you would provide the -from and -to in the command, they will end up in these variables too, so for this:

./ocrscript.sh -from /home/kristoffer/test.png -to /home/kristoffer/test.txt

You'll get:

$0    # ocrscript.sh
$1    # -from
$2    # /home/kristoffer/test.png
$3    # -to
$4    # /home/kristoffer/test.txt

It might be easier to omit the -from and the -to, like:

ocrscript.sh /home/kristoffer/test.png /home/kristoffer/test.txt

Then you'll have:

$1    # /home/kristoffer/test.png
$2    # /home/kristoffer/test.txt

The downside is that you'll have to supply it in the right order. There are libraries that can make it easier to parse named arguments on the command line, but usually for simple shell scripts you should just use the easy way, if it's no problem.

Then you can do:

/usr/local/bin/abbyyocr9 -rl Swedish -if "$1" -of "$2" 2>&1

The double quotes around the $1 and the $2 are not always necessary but are adviced, because some strings won't work if you don't put them between double quotes.

Solution 2:

If you're not completely attached to using "from" and "to" as your option names, it's fairly easy to implement this using getopts:

while getopts f:t: opts; do
   case ${opts} in
      f) FROM_VAL=${OPTARG} ;;
      t) TO_VAL=${OPTARG} ;;
   esac
done

getopts is a program that processes command line arguments and conveniently parses them for you.

f:t: specifies that you're expecting 2 parameters that contain values (indicated by the colon). Something like f:t:v says that -v will only be interpreted as a flag.

opts is where the current parameter is stored. The case statement is where you will process this.

${OPTARG} contains the value following the parameter. ${FROM_VAL} for example will get the value /home/kristoffer/test.png if you ran your script like:

ocrscript.sh -f /home/kristoffer/test.png -t /home/kristoffer/test.txt

As the others are suggesting, if this is your first time writing bash scripts you should really read up on some basics. This was just a quick tutorial on how getopts works.

Solution 3:

Use the variables "$1", "$2", "$3" and so on to access arguments. To access all of them you can use "$@", or to get the count of arguments $# (might be useful to check for too few or too many arguments).