How to round decimals using bc in bash?

A quick example of what I want using bash scripting:

#!/bin/bash
echo "Insert the price you want to calculate:"
read float
echo "This is the price without taxes:"
echo "scale=2; $float/1.18" |bc -l
read -p "Press any key to continue..."
bash scriptname.sh

Assuming that the price is: 48.86 The answer will be:41.406779661 (41.40 actually because I'm using scale=2;)

My Question is: How I round the second decimal to show the answer in this way?: 41.41

Solution 1:

Simplest solution:

printf %.2f $(echo "$float/1.18" | bc -l)

Solution 2:

A bash round function:

round()
{
echo $(printf %.$2f $(echo "scale=$2;(((10^$2)*$1)+0.5)/(10^$2)" | bc))
};

Used in your code example:

#!/bin/bash
# the function "round()" was taken from 
# http://stempell.com/2009/08/rechnen-in-bash/

# the round function:
round()
{
echo $(printf %.$2f $(echo "scale=$2;(((10^$2)*$1)+0.5)/(10^$2)" | bc))
};

echo "Insert the price you want to calculate:"
read float
echo "This is the price without taxes:"
#echo "scale=2; $float/1.18" |bc -l
echo $(round $float/1.18 2);
read -p "Press any key to continue..."

Good luck :o)

Solution 3:

Bash/awk rounding:

echo "23.49" | awk '{printf("%d\n",$1 + 0.5)}'  

If you have python you can use something like this:

echo "4.678923" | python -c "print round(float(raw_input()))"

Solution 4:

Here's a purely bc solution. Rounding rules: at +/- 0.5, round away from zero.

Put the scale you're looking for in $result_scale; your math should be where $MATH is located in the bc command list:

bc <<MATH
h=0
scale=0

/* the magnitude of the result scale */
t=(10 ^ $result_scale)

/* work with an extra digit */
scale=$result_scale + 1

/* your math into var: m */
m=($MATH)

/* rounding and output */
if (m < 0) h=-0.5
if (m > 0) h=0.5

a=(m * t + h)

scale=$result_scale
a / t
MATH