In what order does a C# for each loop iterate over a List<T>?
I was wondering about the order that a foreach loop in C# loops through a System.Collections.Generic.List<T>
object.
I found another question about the same topic, but I do not feel that it answers my question to my satisfaction.
Someone states that no order is defined. But as someone else states, the order it traverses an array is fixed (from 0 to Length-1). 8.8.4 The foreach statement
It was also said that the same holds for any standard classes with an order (e.g. List<T>
). I can not find any documentation to back that up. So for all I know it might work like that now, but maybe in the next .NET version it will be different (even though it might be unlikely).
I have also looked at the List(t).Enumerator
documentation without luck.
Another related question states that for Java, it is specifically mentioned in the documentation:
List.iterator()
returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence."
I am looking for something like that in the C# documentation.
Thanks in advance.
Edit: Thank you for all you for all your answers (amazing how fast I got so many replies). What I understand from all the answers is that List<T>
does always iterate in the order of its indexing. But I still would like to see a clear peace of documentation stating this, similar to the Java documentation on List
.
Basically it's up to the IEnumerator
implementation - but for a List<T>
it will always go in the natural order of the list, i.e. the same order as the indexer: list[0]
, list[1]
, list[2]
etc.
I don't believe it's explicitly documented - at least, I haven't found such documentation - but I think you can treat it as guaranteed. Any change to that ordering would pointlessly break all kinds of code. In fact, I'd be surprised to see any implementation of IList<T>
which disobeyed this. Admittedly it would be nice to see it specifically documented...
On Microsoft Reference Source page for List<T>
Enumerator it is explicitly stated that the iteration is done from 0 to Length-1:
internal Enumerator(List<T> list) {
this.list = list;
index = 0;
version = list._version;
current = default(T);
}
public bool MoveNext() {
List<T> localList = list;
if (version == localList._version && ((uint)index < (uint)localList._size))
{
current = localList._items[index];
index++;
return true;
}
return MoveNextRare();
}
Hope it's still relevant for somebody
In your link, the accepted answer states in C# Language Specification Version 3.0, page 240:
The order in which foreach traverses the elements of an array, is as follows: For single-dimensional arrays elements are traversed in increasing index order, starting with index 0 and ending with index Length – 1. For multi-dimensional arrays, elements are traversed such that the indices of the rightmost dimension are increased first, then the next left dimension, and so on to the left. The following example prints out each value in a two-dimensional array, in element order:
using System; class Test { static void Main() { double[,] values = { {1.2, 2.3, 3.4, 4.5}, {5.6, 6.7, 7.8, 8.9} }; foreach (double elementValue in values) Console.Write("{0} ", elementValue); Console.WriteLine(); } }
The output produced is as follows: 1.2 2.3 3.4 4.5 5.6 6.7 7.8 8.9 In the example
int[] numbers = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 }; foreach (var n in numbers) Console.WriteLine(n); the type of n is inferred to be int, the element type of numbers.