Solution 1:

Use anchor links and the scroll-behavior property (MDN reference) for the scrolling container:

scroll-behavior: smooth;

Browser support: Firefox 36+, Chrome 61+ (therefore also Edge 79+) and Opera 48+.

Intenet Explorer, non-Chromium Edge and (so far) Safari do not support scroll-behavior and simply "jump" to the link target.

Example usage:

<head>
  <style type="text/css">
    html {
      scroll-behavior: smooth;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body id="body">
  <a href="#foo">Go to foo!</a>

  <!-- Some content -->

  <div id="foo">That's foo.</div>
  <a href="#body">Back to top</a>
</body>

Here's a Fiddle.

And here's also a Fiddle with both horizontal and vertical scrolling.

Solution 2:

You can do it with anchor tags using css3 :target pseudo-selector, this selector is going to be triggered when the element with the same id as the hash of the current URL get an match. Example

Knowing this, we can combine this technique with the use of proximity selectors like "+" and "~" to select any other element through the target element who id get match with the hash of the current url. An example of this would be something like what you are asking.