What is the logic behind showing Asian glyphs on font familes comprised of Latin letters?

The MingLiU font family is Traditional Chinese.

The display may only show Latin characters, but the font also includes Chinese ones. Use the Windows Character Map app to see the entire font.

To get rid of the Chinese characters and modify the font attributes so that its metadata no longer defines it as Chinese, would require to modify the font itself, in effect creating your own new font.

A utility that can be used for that is the free and open source font editor FontForge.

Some knowledge of fonts might help here, although an error will only result in a broken font, which can be easily removed.