Is there any danger in disabling devices in the Device Manager in Windows 10?

Disabling devices can be a bit dicey in that an error may prevent you from booting at all.

A better approach is to look at Reliability Monitor and see what hardware or other errors there are. Then look for driver updates for those things.

Screen Shot here:

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Another approach is to enable MiniDumps (Control Panel, Advanced Options.

Now when it crashes, post the Mini Dump here and also review it with Nirsoft.net Blue Screen View.

These two things should help you get a view on driver issues.

Then remember that Root Kit Viruses can also cause what you see. Scan completely with TDSS Killer (Kapsersky).