How to check internet access on Android? InetAddress never times out

I got a AsyncTask that is supposed to check the network access to a host name. But the doInBackground() is never timed out. Anyone have a clue?

public class HostAvailabilityTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Boolean> {

    private Main main;

    public HostAvailabilityTask(Main main) {
        this.main = main;
    }

    protected Boolean doInBackground(String... params) {
        Main.Log("doInBackground() isHostAvailable():"+params[0]);

        try {
            return InetAddress.getByName(params[0]).isReachable(30); 
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return false;       
    }

    protected void onPostExecute(Boolean... result) {
        Main.Log("onPostExecute()");

        if(result[0] == false) {
            main.setContentView(R.layout.splash);
            return;
        }

        main.continueAfterHostCheck();
    }   
}

If the device is in airplane mode (or presumably in other situations where there's no available network), cm.getActiveNetworkInfo() will be null, so you need to add a null check.

Modified (Eddie's solution) below:

public boolean isOnline() {
    ConnectivityManager cm =
        (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
    NetworkInfo netInfo = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
    return netInfo != null && netInfo.isConnectedOrConnecting();
}

Also add the following permission to the AndroidManifest.xml:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />

One other small point, if you absolutely need a network connection at the given point in time, then it might be better to use netInfo.isConnected() rather than netInfo.isConnectedOrConnecting. I guess this is up to the individual use-case however.

Network connection / Internet access

• isConnectedOrConnecting() (used in most answers) checks for any network connection
• To know whether any of those networks have internet access, use one of the following

A) Ping a Server (easy)

// ICMP 
public boolean isOnline() {
    Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
    try {
        Process ipProcess = runtime.exec("/system/bin/ping -c 1 8.8.8.8");
        int     exitValue = ipProcess.waitFor();
        return (exitValue == 0);
    }
    catch (IOException e)          { e.printStackTrace(); }
    catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }

    return false;
}

+ could run on main thread

- does not work on some old devices (Galays S3, etc.), it blocks a while if no internet is available.

B) Connect to a Socket on the Internet (advanced)

// TCP/HTTP/DNS (depending on the port, 53=DNS, 80=HTTP, etc.)
public boolean isOnline() {
    try {
        int timeoutMs = 1500;
        Socket sock = new Socket();
        SocketAddress sockaddr = new InetSocketAddress("8.8.8.8", 53);

        sock.connect(sockaddr, timeoutMs);
        sock.close();

        return true;
    } catch (IOException e) { return false; }
}

+ very fast (either way), works on all devices, very reliable

- can't run on the UI thread

This works very reliably, on every device, and is very fast. It needs to run in a separate task though (e.g. ScheduledExecutorService or AsyncTask).

Possible Questions

• Is it really fast enough?

  Yes, very fast ;-)

• Is there no reliable way to check internet, other than testing something on the internet?

  Not as far as I know, but let me know, and I will edit my answer.

• What if the DNS is down?

  Google DNS (e.g. 8.8.8.8) is the largest public DNS in the world. As of 2018 it handled over a trillion queries a day [1]. Let 's just say, your app would probably not be the talk of the day.

• Which permissions are required?

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
  

  Just internet access - surprise ^^ (Btw have you ever thought about, how some of the methods suggested here could even have a remote glue about internet access, without this permission?)

Extra: One-shot RxJava/RxAndroid Example (Kotlin)

fun hasInternetConnection(): Single<Boolean> {
  return Single.fromCallable {
    try {
      // Connect to Google DNS to check for connection
      val timeoutMs = 1500
      val socket = Socket()
      val socketAddress = InetSocketAddress("8.8.8.8", 53)
    
      socket.connect(socketAddress, timeoutMs)
      socket.close()
  
      true
    } catch (e: IOException) {
      false
    }
  }
  .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
  .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Usage

    hasInternetConnection().subscribe { hasInternet -> /* do something */}

Extra: One-shot RxJava/RxAndroid Example (Java)

public static Single<Boolean> hasInternetConnection() {
    return Single.fromCallable(() -> {
        try {
            // Connect to Google DNS to check for connection
            int timeoutMs = 1500;
            Socket socket = new Socket();
            InetSocketAddress socketAddress = new InetSocketAddress("8.8.8.8", 53);

            socket.connect(socketAddress, timeoutMs);
            socket.close();

            return true;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()).observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread());
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Usage

    hasInternetConnection().subscribe((hasInternet) -> {
        if(hasInternet) {

        }else {

        }
    });

Extra: One-shot AsyncTask Example

Caution: This shows another example of how to do the request. However, since AsyncTask is deprecated, it should be replaced by your App's thread scheduling, Kotlin Coroutines, Rx, ...

class InternetCheck extends AsyncTask<Void,Void,Boolean> {

    private Consumer mConsumer;
    public  interface Consumer { void accept(Boolean internet); }

    public  InternetCheck(Consumer consumer) { mConsumer = consumer; execute(); }

    @Override protected Boolean doInBackground(Void... voids) { try {
        Socket sock = new Socket();
        sock.connect(new InetSocketAddress("8.8.8.8", 53), 1500);
        sock.close();
        return true;
    } catch (IOException e) { return false; } }

    @Override protected void onPostExecute(Boolean internet) { mConsumer.accept(internet); }
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Usage

    new InternetCheck(internet -> { /* do something with boolean response */ });

No need to be complex. The simplest and framework manner is to use ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE permission and just make a connected method

public boolean isOnline() {
    ConnectivityManager cm =
        (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

    return cm.getActiveNetworkInfo() != null && 
       cm.getActiveNetworkInfo().isConnectedOrConnecting();
}

You can also use requestRouteToHost if you have a particualr host and connection type (wifi/mobile) in mind.

You will also need:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />

in your android manifest.

To get getActiveNetworkInfo() to work you need to add the following to the manifest.

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />