How to add a column and make it a foreign key in single MySQL statement?

Try this:

ALTER TABLE database.table
  ADD COLUMN columnname INT DEFAULT(1),
  ADD FOREIGN KEY fk_name(fk_column) REFERENCES reftable(refcolumn) ON DELETE CASCADE;

The following query adds a column by alter query and the constraint query makes it a FK in a single mysql query. You can do it like this,

SYNTAX:

ALTER TABLE `SCHEMANAME`.`TABLE1` 
ADD COLUMN `FK_COLUMN` BIGINT(20) NOT NULL, 
ADD CONSTRAINT `FK_TABLE2_COLUMN` FOREIGN KEY (`FK_COLUMN`) 
REFERENCES `SCHEMANAME`.`TABLE2`(`PK_COLUMN`);

EXAMPLE:

ALTER TABLE `USERDB`.`ADDRESS_TABLE` 
ADD COLUMN `USER_ID` BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AFTER `PHONE_NUMBER`, 
ADD CONSTRAINT `FK_CUSTOMER_TABLE_CUSTOMER_ID` FOREIGN KEY (`USER_ID`) 
REFERENCES `USERDB`.`CUSTOMER_TABLE`(`CUSTOMER_ID`); 

This can be simplified a bit. You just need to add the "ADD" keyword before "FOREIGN KEY". Adding example below.

ALTER TABLE database.table
ADD COLUMN columnname INT DEFAULT(1),
ADD FOREIGN KEY (fk_name) REFERENCES reftable(refcolumn) ON DELETE CASCADE;