How do you determine if WPF is using Hardware or Software Rendering?

Check RenderCapability.Tier

Graphics Rendering Tiers
RenderCapability Class

[UPDATE]

RenderCapability.IsPixelShaderVersionSupported - Gets a value that indicates whether the specified pixel shader version is supported.
RenderCapability.IsShaderEffectSoftwareRenderingSupported - Gets a value that indicates whether the system can render bitmap effects in software.
RenderCapability.Tier - Gets a value that indicates the rendering tier for the current thread.
RenderCapability.TierChanged - Occurs when the rendering tier has changed for the Dispatcher object of the current thread.

RenderCapability.Tier >> 16

Rendering Tier 0 - No graphics hardware acceleration. The DirectX version level is less than version 7.0.
Rendering Tier 1 - Partial graphics hardware acceleration. The DirectX version level is greater than or equal to version 7.0, and lesser than version 9.0.
Rendering Tier 2 - Most graphics features use graphics hardware acceleration. The DirectX version level is greater than or equal to version 9.0.

.NET 4.0 provides the ability to force software rendering in code:

public partial class App : Application 
{    
    protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e)    
    {         
        if (WeThinkWeShouldRenderInSoftware())            
            RenderOptions.ProcessRenderMode = RenderMode.SoftwareOnly;    
    }
}

See this post for more information.

Based on the RenderingTier links, here is some code:

        logger.InfoFormat("WPF Tier = {0}",RenderCapability.Tier / 0x10000);
        RenderCapability.TierChanged +=
            (sender, args) => logger.InfoFormat("WPF Tier Changed to {0}",
                                                RenderCapability.Tier / 0x10000);

I'm still testing and working on this. See future edits/answers for what I find.

Maybe the following can help with the second part of your question, that is, can you force one rendering pipeline over another:

You can change a registry setting to disable hardware acceleration and force software rendering to occur at all times. We often use this to see if a particular issue we are seeing ... is related to video drivers. As an example of what I am talking about see this WPF forum post.

One obvious thing to note here though ... is that this affects all WPF applications and really should only be used for testing purposes.

To disable hardware acceleration:

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Avalon.Graphics]
"DisableHWAcceleration"=dword:00000001

To enable hardware acceleration:

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Avalon.Graphics]
"DisableHWAcceleration"=dword:00000000

Check out this MSDN link for more info.

Or use the Profiling Tools...

New checkbox was added to tint the target application elements that use SW rendered legacy Bitmap Effects.

How do you determine if WPF is using Hardware or Software Rendering?

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