Entire system starts malfunctioning after empyting bin

So recently I wiped the trash bin folder with the sudo rm /bin command because it was getting filled up with a lot of junk that I didn't put there. Now I can't boot and get error messages.

I don't get how empyting the bin can break the system... Did I do something wrong? Or did I accidentally wipe a different folder from bin?

/bin is not a trash folder but an essential part of Ubuntu. By removing it you effectively destroyed your Ubuntu installation. To fix the damage you'll have to reinstall Ubuntu. If you have important files stored on your system which you still need and for which you don't have a backup, get professional help to try and salvage them first.