Is libodbc1 preventing me from upgrading to 20.04 from 18.04? [duplicate]
I just added a PPA repository for the development version of the GIMP, but I get this error:
$ apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
...
The following packages have been kept back:
gimp gimp-data libgegl-0.0-0 libgimp2.0
Why and how can I solve it so that I can use the latest version instead of the one I have now?
According to an article on debian-administration.org,
If the dependencies have changed on one of the packages you have installed so that a new package must be installed to perform the upgrade then that will be listed as "kept-back".
Cautious solution 1:
Per Pablo's answer, you can run sudo apt-get --with-new-pkgs upgrade, and it will install the kept-back packages.
This has the benefit of not marking the kept-back packages as "manually installed," which could force more user intervention down the line (see comments).
If Pablo's solution works for you, please upvote it. If not, please comment what went wrong.
Cautious solution 2:
The cautious solution is to run sudo apt-get install <list of packages kept back>. In most cases this will give the kept-back packages what they need to successfully upgrade.
Aggressive solution:
A more aggressive solution is to run sudo apt-get dist-upgrade, which will force the installation of those new dependencies.
But dist-upgrade can be quite dangerous. Unlike upgrade it may remove packages to resolve complex dependency situations. Unlike you, APT isn't always smart enough to know whether these additions and removals could wreak havoc.
So if you find yourself in a place where the "cautious solution" doesn't work, dist-upgrade may work... but you're probably better off learning a bit more about APT and resolving the dependency issues "by hand" by installing and removing packages on a case-by-case basis.
Think of it like fixing a car... if you have time and are handy with a wrench, you'll get some peace of mind by reading up and doing the repair yourself. If you're feeling lucky, you can drop your car off with your cousin dist-upgrade and hope she knows her stuff.
Whenever you receive from the command apt-get upgrade the message
The following packages have been kept back:
then to upgrade one or all of the kept-back packages, without doing a distribution upgrade (this is what dist-upgrade does, if I remember correctly) is to issue the command:
apt-get install <list of packages kept back>
this will resolve the kept-back issues and will ask to install additional packages, etc. as was explained by other answers.
See also: Why use apt-get upgrade instead of apt-get dist-upgrade?
Try this Unix SE answer:
sudo apt-get --with-new-pkgs upgrade
This allows new packages to be installed. It will let you know what packages would be installed and prompt you before actually doing the install.
apt command (friendly alternative to apt-get) share this option.
Using apt install <pkg> instead will mark pkg as "manually installed"!! To mark it again as "automatically installed" use apt-mark auto <pkg> (see also subcommand showmanual). More info on this answer.
apt-get dist-upgrade is dangerous for stable environment,
- wrong source.list setting and you end up with broken ubuntu.
- you might get entire application upgraded to version you dont want.
Use case: kernel upgrade kept back, you just want to upgrade the kernel, dont want to upgrade entire distribution.
Better way to handle kept back package:
sudo aptitude
If you have kept back package you should see Upgradable Packages on top of the list.
- Hit + on that list
- Hit g twice
- Answer debconf stuff if asked
- Press return to continue
- Press Q
- Press yes
Your kept back package installed.
There are normally two reasons you may see this message.
If upgrading the program (via sudo apt-get upgrade) would cause packages to be added or removed, then the program will be held back. You can use sudo apt-get dist-upgrade in this case, which will then offer to add or remove the additional programs.
This is pretty common and usually not an issue. Occasionally (particularly during an Ubuntu alpha) a dist-upgrade will offer to remove a lot of other programs, in which case you probably want to cancel it.
If the program depends on packages or versions that are not available, then the program will be held back. You really can't do anything but wait in this circumstance, since the package is basically uninstallable. This can happen when packages get added to the repository out of order, when a package is renamed, or when a package stops providing a virtual package.