Where are the files for System Information?

System Information is a GUI for the CLI system_profiler. It's read directly from whatever system_profiler spits out. All the work is already done for you (system_profiler reads from many different files and executables):

!Just saw an answer posted. See @XAleXOwnZX for the exact command.

To compile that into a script within Terminal, enter text as follows. Return is supported for newlines after cat command.

$ cat > cycle
#! /bin/bash
#Output is current cycle count of the battery
system_profiler SPPowerDataType | grep "Cycle Count" | awk '{print $3}' 
^D

• Now, you have the script. Press Control+D within terminal for a carriage return:

• Make executable with chmod +x cycle

• Test:

t$ ./cycle
4

• Move into your local bin, if it's included in your shell path. The file currently resides in your top user directory ~/

$ mv cycle ~/bin/

I don't know the file per-say, but you can use a simple shell script to get the battery cycle count, as seen here.

system_profiler SPPowerDataType | grep "Cycle Count" | awk '{print $3}'