Reverse DNS Lookup from the Command Line

There isn't any way to get this information at all, because there isn't a centralized authoritative repository for this information. Anyone that owns a domain name can create an A record or CNAME that points to a given IP address. The owner of the DNS records doesn't necessarily have to have any control over the IP addresses.

For example, Microsoft could create a series of A records named google.microsoft.com that pointed at the public IP addresses for google.com. Other than already knowing it exists, there's no easy way to take Google's IP addresses and find out that google.microsoft.com exists.