How do I create an HTML table with a fixed/frozen left column and a scrollable body?

I need a simple solution. I know it's similar to some other questions, like:

HTML table with fixed headers and a fixed column?
How can I lock the first row and first column of a table when scrolling, possibly using JavaScript and CSS?

But I need just a single left column to be frozen and I would prefer a simple and script-less solution.

Solution 1:

If you want a table where only the columns scroll horizontally, you can position: absolute the first column (and specify its width explicitly), and then wrap the entire table in an overflow-x: scroll block. Don't bother trying this in IE7, however...

Relevant HTML & CSS:

table {
  border-collapse: separate;
  border-spacing: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid grey;
}

td, th {
  margin: 0;
  border: 1px solid grey;
  white-space: nowrap;
  border-top-width: 0px;
}

div {
  width: 500px;
  overflow-x: scroll;
  margin-left: 5em;
  overflow-y: visible;
  padding: 0;
}

.headcol {
  position: absolute;
  width: 5em;
  left: 0;
  top: auto;
  border-top-width: 1px;
  /*only relevant for first row*/
  margin-top: -1px;
  /*compensate for top border*/
}

.headcol:before {
  content: 'Row ';
}

.long {
  background: yellow;
  letter-spacing: 1em;
}

<div>
<table>
        <tr><th class="headcol">1</th><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td></tr>
        <tr><th class="headcol">2</th><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td></tr>
        <tr><th class="headcol">3</th><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td></tr>
        <tr><th class="headcol">4</th><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td></tr>
        <tr><th class="headcol">5</th><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td></tr>
        <tr><th class="headcol">6</th><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td><td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td></tr>
</table>
</div>

Fiddle

Solution 2:

You can use sticky position. Here is a sample code. This is HTML/CSS solution. No js is required.

.view {
  margin: auto;
  width: 600px;
}

.wrapper {
  position: relative;
  overflow: auto;
  border: 1px solid black;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.sticky-col {
  position: -webkit-sticky;
  position: sticky;
  background-color: white;
}

.first-col {
  width: 100px;
  min-width: 100px;
  max-width: 100px;
  left: 0px;
}

.second-col {
  width: 150px;
  min-width: 150px;
  max-width: 150px;
  left: 100px;
}

<div class="view">
  <div class="wrapper">
    <table class="table">
      <thead>
        <tr>
          <th class="sticky-col first-col">Number</th>
          <th class="sticky-col second-col">First Name</th>
          <th>Last Name</th>
          <th>Employer</th>
        </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
        <tr>
          <td class="sticky-col first-col">1</td>
          <td class="sticky-col second-col">Mark</td>
          <td>Ham</td>
          <td>Micro</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td class="sticky-col first-col">2</td>
          <td class="sticky-col second-col">Jacob</td>
          <td>Smith</td>
          <td>Adob Adob Adob AdobAdob Adob Adob Adob Adob</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td class="sticky-col first-col">3</td>
          <td class="sticky-col second-col">Larry</td>
          <td>Wen</td>
          <td>Goog Goog Goog GoogGoog Goog Goog Goog Goog Goog</td>
        </tr>
      </tbody>
    </table>
  </div>
</div>

codeply code: https://www.codeply.com/p/oZ4NjpvwbO

Solution 3:

For most browsers released after 2017:

You can use the position: sticky. See https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-sticky.

There is no need for a fixed width column.

Run the code snippet below to see how it works.

.tscroll {
  width: 400px;
  overflow-x: scroll;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  border: solid black 1px;
}

.tscroll table td:first-child {
  position: sticky;
  left: 0;
  background-color: #ddd;
}

.tscroll td, .tscroll th {
  border-bottom: dashed #888 1px;
}

<html>
<div class="tscroll">
  <table>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th></th>
        <th colspan="5">Heading 1</th>
        <th colspan="8">Heading 2</th>
        <th colspan="4">Heading 3</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>9:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>10:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>11:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>12:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>13:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>14:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>15:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>16:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>17:00</td>
        <td>AAA</td>
        <td>BBB</td>
        <td>CCC</td>
        <td>DDD</td>
        <td>EEE</td>
        <td>FFF</td>
        <td>GGG</td>
        <td>HHH</td>
        <td>III</td>
        <td>JJJ</td>
        <td>KKK</td>
        <td>LLL</td>
        <td>MMM</td>
        <td>NNN</td>
        <td>OOO</td>
        <td>PPP</td>
        <td>QQQ</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

Solution 4:

This is an interesting jQuery plugin that creates fixed headers and/or columns. Toggle fixed column to be true on the demo page to see it in action.

How do I create an HTML table with a fixed/frozen left column and a scrollable body?

Solution 1:

Solution 2:

Solution 3:

Solution 4:

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