Microsoft Teams - lags on linux
This isn't the answer to how to deal with this issue, but rather advice on how to approach seeking answer to it.
Note that Microsoft Teams on Linux is in Preview mode. That is, it's not the final stable version of the software yet, so there are bound to be bugs. Since it's proprietary software, meaning the Linux community can't check its code to see what's causing the bug, the more suitable place to post your question would be on Microsoft support. So try to post your question there as well. You may get more relevant answers.
You can also try Microsoft Teams Insiders package - this one should be more up-to-date and even less stable, but it might just be so that this package solves your problem.
Good luck!